SEOUL — The winner of South Korea’s upcoming presidential election will likely be confronted with the duty of uniting a rustic riven by political acrimony because the impeachment of former President Yoon Suk Yeol, who sparked nationwide outrage after declaring martial regulation in December.

However first, they must take care of President Trump’s tariffs.

On Wednesday, U.S. and South Korean commerce officers kicked off a brand new spherical of negotiations aimed toward reaching a deal by July 8, when Trump’s 90-day reprieve for his “liberation day” tariffs expires. South Korea faces a 25% reciprocal tariff charge in addition to product-specific duties of 25% for metal, aluminum and vehicles — all of that are main exports.

With the election scheduled for June 3, carrying these talks to the end line would be the first and most urgent agenda merchandise for South Korea’s subsequent president.

For now, officers from the 2 international locations have agreed to broaden the talks past tariffs charges to incorporate broader subjects reminiscent of forex trade charges and financial safety — a mirrored image of Trump’s need for a sweeping realignment of the U.S.–South Korea relationship that he has described as “one-stop shopping.”

However there are more likely to be additional issues.

Trump, who has lengthy griped that South Korea doesn’t pay sufficient for the maintenance of the 28,500 U.S. troops stationed within the nation, has expressed a need to fold protection cost-sharing into the present talks. Writing on his social media web site final month, he mentioned that he had mentioned “payment for the big time Military Protection we provide to South Korea” with then-acting President Han Duck-soo.

However with Trump having as soon as claimed he would get Seoul to pay $10 billion a yr, the subject has been extremely delicate in South Korea, fueling requires the nation’s nuclear self-armament on grounds that the U.S. can not be relied upon for army help. There are additionally issues within the nation {that a} “package deal” favored by Trump could not work out to Seoul’s benefit.

Right here’s what to find out about what South Korea’s three main presidential candidates have mentioned about tariffs and the U.S.-South Korea relationship beneath Trump.

Lee Jae-myung, a candidate of the ruling Democratic Occasion, holds a information convention at a Kia Motors plant in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea, on Jan. 4, 2025.

(Chung Sung-Jun / Related Press)

Lee Jae-myung

The previous chief of South Korea’s liberal Democratic Occasion, Lee, 61, is the front-runner within the race, having led by as many as 20 share factors.

Throughout Trump’s first time period, Lee, then the mayor of Seongnam, cautioned in opposition to what he referred to as “overly submissive attitudes” within the face of calls for that South Korea ought to pay extra for the presence of the U.S. army.

“Giving up whatever is demanded of us will only lead to us losing everything,” he mentioned. “We need to boldly assert our position.”

Lee echoed these sentiments in a presidential debate Sunday, criticizing Han, the previous appearing president, for reportedly signaling his willingness to renegotiate the newest protection cost-sharing deal between Seoul and Washington.

Below what is called the Particular Measures Settlement, the U.S. has lined 40% to 50% of the full prices of retaining troops in South Korea, in accordance with the U.S. Congressional Analysis Service.

Below the newest model, which was signed beneath the outgoing Biden administration and can final from 2026 to 2030, Seoul’s annual contribution within the first yr will likely be $1.19 billion, an 8.3% improve from 2025.

A U.S. Military soldier walks on the Panmunjom border village in Paju, South Korea, in October 2022. President Trump has lengthy complained that South Korea doesn’t pay sufficient for the maintenance of the 28,500 U.S. troops stationed within the nation.

(Ahn Younger-joon / Related Press)

Lee, who’s operating on a platform of pragmatic diplomacy, has additionally harassed the necessity to steadiness South Korea’s relationship with the U.S. in opposition to these with regional neighbors reminiscent of Russia or China.

“The U.S.-South Korea alliance is important, and we need to expand and develop that in the future — from a security alliance into an economic alliance and a comprehensive alliance,” he mentioned Sunday. “But that does not mean we can rely exclusively on the U.S.-South Korea alliance.”

Whereas describing Trump’s tariffs because the “campaign of a madman,” Lee has additionally indicated a willingness to debate a package deal deal that spans Trump’s Alaska pure fuel pipeline mission, the protection price situation and cooperation in shipbuilding.

Lee’s camp has mentioned that if elected, he’ll start his time period by looking for an extension of Trump’s 90-day grace interval for the tariffs.

Kim Moon-soo

A distant second within the polls, Kim, 73, served as labor minister beneath the impeached Yoon and is the conservative Individuals Energy Occasion’s nominee.

Staying true to the South Korean proper’s self-identification because the staunchly pro-U.S. political camp, Kim has accused Lee of looking for to curry favor with China on the expense of the U.S.-South Korea relationship.

“Your comments in the past would be considered appalling from the perspective of the U.S.,” he informed Lee on the debate Sunday.

Members march to the headquarters of the Individuals Energy Occasion in Seoul throughout a December 2024 rally to demand South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol’s impeachment.

(Ahn Younger-joon / Related Press)

Not like Lee, who has warned in opposition to speeding right into a commerce deal in favor of a slower and extra strategic method, Kim has mentioned that he would instantly arrange a U.S.-South Korea summit to ink a deal earlier than July 8, if he’s elected president.

“I will make sure that tariffs against South Korea are either removed or the lowest out of any country in the world,” he mentioned at a latest rally.

To this finish, Kim has solid himself because the candidate with the best likelihood of profitable over Trump.

Throughout his get together’s main debates in April, when requested by the moderator whether or not he would put on a MAGA hat if Trump requested it throughout any tariff negotiations, Kim responded: “I would do even more, I would even wear a jumper if he asked.”

“The most important thing in negotiating with President Trump is trust,” he mentioned Sunday. “Only when both sides can trust each other can the U.S.-South Korea alliance be strengthened, and I am the one who has the most favorable and trusting relationship with President Trump.”

A forex dealer works on the international trade dealing room of KEB Hana Financial institution headquarters in Seoul on April 9, 2025. U.S. and South Korean commerce officers have kicked off a brand new spherical of negotiations aimed toward reaching a deal by July 8, when President Trump’s 90-day reprieve for his “liberation day” tariffs expires.

(Ahn Younger-joon / Related Press)

On protection cost-sharing, Kim has struck a noticeably extra acquiescent tone than Lee: At a gathering Monday of the American Chamber of Commerce in Korea, he mentioned that he can be keen to just accept a hike in Seoul’s contribution.

“The global order and trade environment is rapidly changing. In order to overcome these crises, it is critical that we strengthen positive cooperation and the U.S.-South Korea alliance,” he mentioned. “I will establish common ground between the two countries through comprehensive negotiations and find a win-win solution for both.”

Lee Jun-seok

Polling round 10%, the 40-year previous candidate from the conservative Reform Occasion faces lengthy odds for the presidency.

Nonetheless, he has emphatically rejected repeated calls to kind a unity ticket, presenting himself because the youthful, shrewder and fewer doctrine-driven different to what he has criticized because the old-hat conservatism of these reminiscent of Kim.

On the debate Sunday, Lee Jun-seok referred to as for “careful calculation” in navigating the U.S.-South Korea relationship beneath Trump, whereas emphasizing the necessity to show that South Korea isn’t just a buying and selling accomplice but additionally an essential strategic ally to Washington.

But with regards to tariffs, he has additionally brazenly referred to as Trump’s bluff.

“I think we have to bet on the fact that Trump will eventually find that it’s difficult to maintain this situation,” he mentioned on a YouTube political speak present final month, citing the financial pressures that tariffs in opposition to China will create for Trump’s heartland supporters.

“What Trump is advancing isn’t sustainable…. My view is that, it’s likely that Trump will admit defeat as soon as within the next six months.”